Polio
Polio is an infection caused by poliovirus. Most infected people have no visible symptoms, while some develop a brief flu-like illness. In a small proportion, the virus affects the nervous system and causes muscle weakness or paralysis. Paralysis may be permanent and can affect the muscles used for breathing. People without symptoms can still spread the virus.
Prevention: Vaccine
Symptoms
- Fever, sore throat, and tiredness
- Headache, nausea, or stomach pain
- Occasionally inflammation around the brain and spinal cord
- Rarely, sudden weakness or paralysis of the arms or legs
Transmission
- Virus from stool reaching the mouth through contaminated hands, objects, food, or water
- Less commonly, respiratory droplets from an infected person
Prevention
Vaccination is the main protection against polio. Wash hands with soap and water and use safe food and drinking water. Check current travel guidance before visiting areas with poliovirus circulation.
Diagnosis and care
There is no specific cure for polio. Care supports symptoms and recovery, including rehabilitation when needed. Sudden weakness, paralysis, or breathing problems need urgent medical attention.
Source
- Poliomyelitis
Based on CDC information
Source language: English
Source reviewed: April 23, 2025
Source accessed: May 17, 2026
- CDC: About Polio
Based on CDC information
Source language: English
Source accessed: October 7, 2026
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